![]() In cases where modafinil is not effective, doctors may prescribe amphetamine-like stimulants such as methylphenidate to alleviate excesive daytime sleepiness. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the drug modafinil (a central nervous system stimulant) to treat EDS. It is likely that narcolepsy involves multiple factors interacting to cause neurological dysfunction and sleep disturbances. In addition to excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), people with narcolepsy experience some or all of the typical symptoms of cataplexy (the sudden loss of voluntary muscle tone), vivid hallucinations during sleep onset or upon awakening, and brief episodes of total paralysis at the beginning or end of sleep called sleep paralysis).īecause narcolepsy is often misdiagnosed as other conditions, it may take years to get the proper diagnosis. In rare cases, some people may remain asleep for an hour or longer. If the urge becomes overwhelming, individuals will fall asleep for periods lasting from a few seconds to several minutes. At various times throughout the day, people with narcolepsy experience overpowering bouts of sleep. Many people with narcolepsy also experience uneven and interrupted sleep that can involve waking up frequently during the night. Narcolepsy is a chronic neurological disorder caused by the brain's inability to regulate sleep-wake cycles. Information from the National Library of Medicine’s MedlinePlus Abnormalities in the immune system may plan an important role in the development of narcolepsy NINDS researchers are working to understand why the immune system destroys hypocretin neurons in narcolepsy. ![]() Other researchers hope to better understand the genetic and biochemical bases of narcloepsy, which will eventually lead to new therapies to control symptoms and may lead to a cure. ![]() NINDS-sponsored researchers are investigating the basic biology of sleep and conducting studies to further identify genetic and environmental factors that may cause narcolepsy. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) supports investigations into the basic biology of sleep, including the brain mechanisms involved in generating and regulating sleep. Within the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, also a component of the NIH, the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research (NCSDR) coordinates Federal government sleep research activities and shares information with private and nonprofit groups.
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